Keith Hudson

Keith Hudson

Also known as: 2nd Street Dreads, Lloyd Lindburg

Keith Hudson (18 March 1946 - 14 November 1984), was a Jamaican reggae artist and record producer. He is known for his influence on the dub movement.

Biography
Raised in a musical family, Hudson attended Boys Town School in Kingston, where he organized school concerts with schoolmates including Bob Marley, Delroy Wilson, and Ken Boothe. He was an ardent follower of Coxsone Dodd's Downbeat sound system and was soon hanging out with musicians such as Don Drummond, carrying his trombone into sessions at Dodd's Brentford Road studio when he was around fourteen. His first release circa 1969 was "Shades of Hudson" by DJ Dennis Alcapone on his own Inbidimts label, using a rocksteady track that had been recorded a few years before. After leaving school he served an apprenticeship in dentistry, and used these skills to raise money for recording sessions. In the same year he obtained some Termites and Carl Bryan rocksteady rhythms from Olympic Records, and recorded new vocals over them, such as "Old Broom" and "You Must be Popular". These early 45s on his own Imbidmts and Rebind labels enjoyed sufficient success to enable him to purchase some studio time of his own. His first recording session produced Ken Boothe's Jamaican hit "Old Fashioned Way", later versioned by Dennis Alcapone as "Spanish Omega" and U Roy as "Dynamic Fashion Way". In the following months he worked with vocalists Delroy Wilson ("Run, Run"), Alton Ellis, Bunny Gale and John Holt ("Never Will I Hurt My Baby"). He was one of the first to record DJ U-Roy in 1969, although U-Roy's first recording had in fact been made with Peter Tosh for Lee Perry - "Earth's Rightful Ruler". Other deejay productions included numerous tunes with Dennis Alcapone (e.g. "Shades of Hudson"), and Big Youth's "S.90 Skank" released in 1972 became the deejay's biggest hit, with added motorcycle noises recorded in the studio beginning a trend followed by other producers such as Dodd and Perry. In the first half of the 1970s he regularly used the Soul Syndicate band, featuring George "Fully" Fullwood and Carlton "Santa" Davis. In 1970 he began to record his own vocal tracks. Whilst always somewhat limited vocally, he recorded countless tracks as a singer, and concentrated on his singing career from 1972. He started further record labels such as the Mafia label. His early Jamaican albums Furnace and Class and Subject featured his own distinctive rasping vocals, along with dubs and deejay versions. In 1974, Hudson released his classic Pick a Dub, widely considered to have been the first deliberately thematic dub album, with tracks specifically mixed in the dub style for the purpose of appearing together on an album. It featured dubwise mixes of his "We Will Work It Out", the basic track for "S-90 Skank", with a fresh melodica part by Augustus Pablo, Skiddy and Detroit's "The Exile Song", and remakes of The Abyssinians "Satta Massagana" and "Declaration of Rights". It was also the first dub album to gain a release in the United Kingdom. By now, he had effectively stopped recording other singers and DJs to concentrate on his own singing. He had completed a large number of backing tracks and, after the limited success of his third LP Entering the Dragon he emigrated to the United Kingdom, where he signed up with Brent Clarke's Atra label and worked at Chalk Farm Studios in London with a number of British-based reggae musicians, overdubbing his Jamaican rhythms. The first album to emanate from these sessions was Flesh of My Skin, Blood of my Blood (1974), his first UK only release and an album that has been described by Colin Larkin as "a masterpiece", and one of the first reggae albums proper, rather than merely a collection of singles and fillers. It has also been described as "reggae's first true concept album", with the lyrics relating to black history and "conscious" themes. The album was not released in Jamaica, although it acquired a formidable reputation there amongst more progressive musicians. His next UK-based album Torch of Freedom featured vocal cuts with their instrumental versions following immediately after, a format that was to come into fashion three years later during the "Showcase" craze. In 1976 he moved to New York City and signed a four-year contract with Virgin Records, the first release being the soul-influenced album, Too Expensive, which was poorly received by critics and didn't sell well. Hudson returned to reggae with the "(Jonah) Come Out Now" single, released under the pseudonym Lloyd Linberg, and Virgin terminated his contract. Hudson then started a new label of his own, Joint. He resumed working with the Soul Syndicate, who had backed him on many of his best recordings in Jamaica. His album Rasta Communication (1978), which had been preceded by its issue on dub as Brand, was well received by a wider audience and is considered a roots reggae classic. It was followed by Nuh Skin Up Dub and its vocal counterpart From One Extreme to Another in 1979. Hudson also released a deejay album by Militant Barry based on the Brand rhythms, Green Valley. By the early 1980s, he was considerably out of step with modern trends in "dancehall" music. He reverted to his classic rhythms for his next to last album Playing It Cool (1981), recording new vocals on heavily overdubbed mixes of the earlier tunes. He released one final album in 1982, Steaming Jungle, which attracted little attention. It was reported in 1984 that he was once more working with Aston and Carlton Barrett, who had played on Pick a Dub and Torch of Freedom. Hudson was diagnosed with lung cancer in August 1984, and appeared to be responding well to treatment, but on the morning of 14 November he complained of stomach pains, collapsed and died.

Albums (14)

Credits & Appearances (27)

Production
Arranger 1
Pick A Dub
Rockers Universite • 1974
Artist Album Release Type Label Rec Rel
Pick A Dub Keith Hudson Pick A Dub LP Rockers Universite 1974 1974
Producer 17
Artist Album Release Type Label Rec Rel
Don't Check Me With No Lightweight Stuff I Roy Don't Check Me With No Lightweight Stuff BAFCD 016 CD Blood And Fire 1972-75 1997
Everyday Skank Big Youth Everyday Skank TRLS 189 LP Trojan 1972-77 1980
Entering The Dragon Keith Hudson Entering The Dragon TJDCD 326 CD Trojan 1974 2006
Pick A Dub Keith Hudson Pick A Dub LP Rockers Universite 1974 1974
Torch Of Freedom Keith Hudson Torch Of Freedom ATRALP 1001 LP Atra 1975 1975
Too Expensive Keith Hudson Too Expensive V 2056 LP Virgin 1976 1976
Rasta Communication Keith Hudson Rasta Communication JT 0003 LP Joint International 1978 1978
From One Extreme To Another Keith Hudson From One Extreme To Another JT 0006 LP Joint International 1979 1979
Nuh Skin Up Dub Keith Hudson Nuh Skin Up Dub PSCD 53 CD Pressure Sounds 1979 2007
Green Valley Militant Barry Green Valley STLP 1012 LP Vista 1979 1979
The Hudson Affair Keith Hudson & Friends The Hudson Affair TJDDD 221 CD Trojan 197X 2004
Shades Of Hudson Keith Hudson & Various Artists Shades Of Hudson VPCD 2053 CD VP 197X 1996
Once Upon A Time Delroy Wilson Once Upon A Time CDTRL 391 CD Trojan 197X 1997
Studio Kinda Cloudy Keith Hudson & Various Artists Studio Kinda Cloudy CDTRL 258 CD Trojan 197X 1994
Playing It Cool, Playing It Right Keith Hudson Playing It Cool, Playing It Right JT 0009 LP Joint International 1981 1981
Steaming Jungle Keith Hudson Steaming Jungle STLP 1000 LP Disc Disk 1982 1983
Tuff Gong Encounter Keith Hudson Tuff Gong Encounter VPCD 2527 CD VP 1984 2015
Musicians
Vocals 2
Artist Album Release Type Label Rec Rel
From One Extreme To Another Keith Hudson From One Extreme To Another JT 0006 LP Joint International 1979 1979
Playing It Cool, Playing It Right Keith Hudson Playing It Cool, Playing It Right JT 0009 LP Joint International 1981 1981

Also Appears On (18)

Artist Album Release Type Label Rec Rel
Dubwise & Otherwise Various Artists Dubwise & Otherwise BFCDS 903 CD Blood And Fire 2000
Arise Rootsman Various Artists Arise Rootsman TJDDD 118 CD Trojan 1965-83 2003
Trojan Rare Groove Box Set Various Artists Trojan Rare Groove Box Set TRBCD 011 CD Trojan 1969-73 1999
The Story Of Trojan Records Various Artists The Story Of Trojan Records 2775354 CD Trojan 196X-7X 2011
Trojan 35th Anniversary Box Set Various Artists Trojan 35th Anniversary Box Set TJETD 130 CD Trojan 196X-7X 2003
Adventures In Dub Various Artists Adventures In Dub METRDCD 596 CD Metro 197X 2006
DJ Spooky Presents Riddim Come Forward Various Artists DJ Spooky Presents Riddim Come Forward TJDDD 334 CD Trojan 197X 2006
Heavyweight Sound Various Artists Heavyweight Sound BAFCD 007 CD Blood And Fire 197X 1995
History Of Dub Various Artists History Of Dub MRMCD 10 CD Munich 197X 1995
Kung Fu ! Various Artists Kung Fu ! TJCCD 206 CD Trojan 197X 2004
Rebel Music Various Artists Rebel Music CDTRD 403 CD Trojan 197X 1989
Sounds And Pressure Vol 1 Various Artists Sounds And Pressure Vol 1 PSCD 05 CD Pressure Sounds 197X 1995
Step Forward Youth Various Artists Step Forward Youth VPGS 7059 CD Greensleeves 197X 2018
The Front Line Box Set Various Artists The Front Line Box Set 8106782 CD Virgin 197X 2004
Down In The Dub Vaults Various Artists Down In The Dub Vaults VPGSRL 7106 LP 17 North Parade 197X-8X 2023
Dub Sessions Various Artists Dub Sessions SESHDCD 211 CD Union Square Music 197X-8X 2003
Rebel Music Vol 2 Various Artists Rebel Music Vol 2 TJCCD 346 CD Trojan 197X-8X 2007
Jah Children Invasion Gold The Bullwackie's All Stars Jah Children Invasion Gold UNCD 8001 CD Nut-Meg 198X 1994
18 albums
27 credits
18 labels
1972 - 2016